LabCo Essay

Since LabCo will adopt IFRSs in the coming year, LabCo’s accounting policy and accounting for the Halibut contract may change under IFRSs. Basically, IAS 11 is to prescribe the accounting treatment of revenue and costs associated with construction contracts. Contract revenue should include the amount agreed in the initial contract, plus revenue from alternations in the original contract work, plus claims and incentive payments that (a) are expected to be collected and (b) that can be measured reliably. Contract costs should include costs that relate directly to the specific contract, plus costs that are attributable to the contractor’s general contracting activity to the extent that they can be reasonably allocated to the contract, plus such other costs that can be specifically charged to the customer under the terms of the contract. [IAS 11. 16] In this case, LabCo make contract entered into was for a fixed price and requires detailed and involved performance specifications. Upon entering into the contract, LabCo realized that this was a unique arrangement that required a great deal of customer specification in order to meet required performance standards. In practical, LobCo had experienced significant difficulties in the design and manufacture of the six-axis laser cutting machine. And their overall project would incur total costs that would be in excess of the total fixed-fee contract price negotiated with Halibut. Thus, they should make a change on setting contract revenue and total contract cost. Contract cost can be increased due to specifically charged to the customer.

Class Distinctions in George Orwell’s 1984 Essay

1984, a novel by English writer George Orwell, was a cautionary tale about the perils of a totalitarian society. Class distinctions are one of the worst dangers that were discussed in the novel. It was portrayed as a means for Big Brother to maintain his rule over Oceania. The different social classes in Oceania viewed each other as competitors for economic, political and social dominance. In the process, the possibility of a political rebellion in Oceania is quelled. Oceania is composed of three social classes: the Inner Party (about 1% of the population), the Outer Party (about 18% of the population) and the Proles (about 81% of the population). The respective lifestyles of these sectors were characterized with inequality – the Inner Party enjoyed more privileges than the Outer Party, although they both made up the Party of Oceania. Members of the Inner Party were accorded key government positions, had larger incomes and lived in luxurious homes. In sharp contrast, members of the Outer Party lived in dilapidated flats. They also had to devote even their spare time to Party activities such as community hikes and games or risk being suspected as a â€Å"traitor† (K-1. com, n. pag. ). The proles are the backbone of Oceania – they are employed in industry and on farms. However, the Party accepts them as members of society only because of their capacity to produce. As a result, the proles live in extreme penury. They reside in districts where there are fewer telescreens and policemen – they don’t have any contact with the state as long as they did not commit any wrongdoing. Consequently, proles can indulge in prohibited things such as prostitution, old books, old furniture and alcohol. The Party, on the other hand, does not pay much attention to what they do – the former regards proles as too uneducated and disorganized to pose as a serious threat to their rule (K-1. com, n. pag. ). Given that the ideology of the Party is Ingsoc (English Socialist Movement), it is ironic that inequality is very rampant among the citizens of Oceania. The novel provided an explanation to this phenomenon through the fictional book The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism. The latter believed to be written by a certain Emmanuel Goldstein, the leader of the dissident group the Brotherhood. But it turned out that the Thought Police created the book in order to trap Winston Smith (SparkNotes, n. pag. ). The book’s first chapter, Ignorance is Strength, argued that human societies are traditionally divided into three classes: the High, the Middle and the Low. The objective of the High is to uphold its dominance over society. The goal of the Middle, on the other hand, is to attain the status of the High. As for the Low, it is too busy trying to find a way out of poverty to be concerned with matters that do not directly affect it. As a result, struggles throughout history share the same pattern. The Middle overthrows the High with the help of the Low in the name of justice and liberty. Once the Middle becomes the High, it thrusts the Low back to its original marginalized position. A new Middle group will then emerge to repeat the cycle. The second chapter, Freedom is Slavery, was explained to Winston by O’Brien. According to O’Brien, the goal of attaining freedom is useless due to the inevitability of death. Thus, when â€Å"Freedom is Slavery† is reversed to â€Å"Slavery is Freedom,† it is implied that complete submission to the Party will grant an individual freedom in the form of experiencing the Party’s immortality and omnipotence. The third chapter, entitled War is Peace, first identified the three superstates of the world: Oceania (the United States and the British Empire), Eurasia (Russia and Europe) and Eastasia (China, Japan and Korea). The chapter went on to argue that these superstates waged war with one another for economic reasons – they wanted to gain unlimited access to the natural resources of foreign lands and to find new markets in which they could dump their surplus goods. Furthermore, war in itself is already a possible solution to an economic slump. An increase in the number of jobs in the defence sector due to war will increase economic activity by increasing the income of consumers (NewspeakDictionary. com, n. pag. ). Big Brother remained in power in Oceania through class distinctions. Class distinctions kept the people divided and fighting among themselves. As a result, Big Brother was able to manipulate them into serving his interests. The longer the people remained divided, the longer they remained enslaved.

Decision Making Analysis Discussion Summary Essay

The CEO of the Xerox Company is Anne Mulcahy. She has been with the company for over 30 years and has been the CEO for the last five years. Anne received a degree in English from Mary Mount College, Her brother made the suggestion that she join him and work at Xerox. As a team and as an individual, we agreed on the decisions that Mulcahy made to improve the Xerox Company. Through these decisions, she was able to get the company out of debt when she became CEO. Though many people advised to call it quits, file for bankruptcy and go home. She was determined and believed she could turn Xerox around. Anne Mulcahy had to make many hard decisions that affected many lives. She had to cut many unnecessary jobs to improve the company. She appears to be a very â€Å"hands on† CEO. An example is that she still works at booths, not that many CEOs of big companies will do that. During the hard times that Xerox had, Anne was able to have good communication with her staff members. She had to have the confidence to ensure her employees that the company would rise above the possible collapse.

Health and safety Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Health and safety - Assignment Example To enhance these laws and oversee the protection of the workers, health and safety commission is held responsible for enforcement of the law and its executive arm. The European Union has as well been influential in the adoption of the health and safety regulations for its member states. These health and safety laws create the rights and obligations of the employees and employers. The UK health and safety act 1974 clearly identifies the duties that employers have towards their employees, themselves and members of the community. According to the legislation, the employers have the responsibility to ascertain that the health standards and safety of its employees provide written policies on how to implement this and protect their contractors and suppliers. The employees as well have the duty to be safe and ensure that their colleagues are not at risk and cooperate with their employers on health and safety. Additionally the safety representatives and safety committees regulations 1977 allows the unions and worker group to appoint their heads who represent them on the health and safety issues. It is required that the appointed representatives are familiar with this legislation (Stranks, 2005). Some of the additional regulations that protect the employees in the health and safety act include; management of health and safety at work regulations, manual handling operation regulation, provision of work equipment regulation, noise at work regulations and electricity at work regulations among others. The unions are involved in health and safety leadership, risk assessment, dedicating resources for health and safety, training the staff and consulting them before making any major decisions. The health and safety commission is assigned the duties of monitoring the activities of different employers and ensuring that they are in line with the health and safety regulations. To enhance this, the health and safety commission carries out assessments to

Christianity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Christianity - Research Paper Example Irenaeus had stated that there was only one God. But the question that how can Christ be worshiped as God, his relation with Father, difference between Christianity and Judaism etc started coming up. The Asian Christians of Rome believed that â€Å"Christ was the Father himself and the Father himself was born, suffered and died.† Roman Christians were not in favour of this view. North Africans did not believe in the Universalist ideas regarding the church in Rome, but were followers of absolute purity of church as well as integrity of membership. They considered baptism by water to be a mere prelude to the real baptism of blood. They thought these members to be Spirits who were impatiently awaiting the end of their physical life. Agape meal was described as a simple meal which benefited the less fortunate and was coupled with hymn, reading of the Holy Scripture and prayers. It was beneficial because it implanted love among Christians and made them morally stronger. The special practices during baptism (renouncing the devil, a threefold immersion, having milk and honey afterwards and not taking a bath for a week to follow), thanksgiving (accepted prior to daybreak) and worship (using cross sign and not kneeling on Sundays). From the 38 surviving pieces of Tertullian’s work, little has been learnt regarding his life. But going by Jerome’s evidence, he was â€Å"the son of a centurion in the proconsul’s guard† and had a very â€Å"sharp and violent talent†.... But going by Jerome’s evidence, he was â€Å"the son of a centurion in the proconsul’s guard† and had a very â€Å"sharp and violent talent†. (Frend, 348) Tertullian had drifted towards Montanism because of the ill treatment that was extended to the clergy in the Roman churches. He had died in an old age. Owing to his deep knowledge of the pagan literature and Stoicism, he did not act as a bridge between Athens and Jerusalem. In fact, he tried to establish a clearer difference between the two. (Frend, 348-350) 7) Cyprian in order to deal with the problem of â€Å"the lapsed† announced that a person who had once become an apostate was religiously impure and company of such people was dangerous and evil. A person who had left the canopy of the church and had gone to other party was to be removed from the church and the rewards related to it. Only if the person goes through penance for a considerable period of time can he be admitted back to the church . It was further said that a person baptized by someone who is no longer the part of the church will gain need to baptize himself. These views were widely accepted and applied by the council. (Frend, 353-355) 8) Seneca had given common insight on how Lord needs to be worshipped. For instance he had forbidden lighting of lamps on Sabbath as the Lord does not require light. He had further said that by offering morning prayers and visiting temples every day, God’s prayer are not successful as Lord can be offered prayers by only those who really know him. God does not need servants or offerings as He is the one who does service to the whole mankind and possesses everything. Lord is kind by nature and he will not let someone harm if the person did

Sociology Written Review - 1000 words - Materials Provided (PART 2) Essay

Sociology Written Review - 1000 words - Materials Provided (PART 2) - Essay Example This review however is limited by the fact that the chapter is merely a small part of the author’s entire book and many of the points and issues taken refer to some other parts or chapters of the book. Nevertheless, Pusey is more than emphatic on the debilitating effect of orchestrated economic reforms on the Australian community life. The fundamental premise of the author in this chapter is, as previously stated, that the economic reforms being undertaken by the Australian government is not good because instead of making these reforms suit the needs of the Australians, it is the people who bear the brunt of the effects of these reforms. This is ultimately bad because it tends to weaken the very foundation of society which is community life. To illustrate his point, Pusey utilised the different impressions and experiences of 400 middle class Australians (hence, the title The Experience of Middle Australians) of several aspects of modern Australian life like membership in voluntary organisations, crimes, the Australian social and economic structures, the media and institutions and people they give their trust to. The control group of 400 middle class Australians, according to the data gathered by Pusey, constituted highly mobile individuals, who have moved around most of their lives, due to labour markets which necessitated frequent relocation of homes. Pusey interpreted this as causing the dissolution of â€Å"associational density† which characterises communities. This is certainly true especially if one’s concept of community is that of a communal association of old and long-time friends, neighbors and associates. However, the opportunity of meeting and associating with new neighbors and striking new acquaintances can be viewed from a positive perspective. This allows a person to broaden his perspectives and besides, if individuals are open to association with other individuals

Ip3 team and leadership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ip3 team and leadership - Research Paper Example The first level of the pyramid model is the physiological needs of every human: food, water, warmth and sex. The second consists of such safety needs as security, order and stability. Then comes the need in affiliation that is love and belonging. The fourth level represents need for esteem or the need in recognition, prestige and power. The fifth level is the self- actualization and the last one is the self- transcendence, which is experience. In order to perform work well, employees need healthy air, water and adequate time to rest. These needs are the main motivators of the first level of Maslows pyramid. The employees should aware of the level of risk they have in the working environment to feel them comfortable enough for their proper work performance. The main motivator for the employees at the level of affiliation is the opportunity to be a part of a team, in which its members share skills, knowledge and unique experiences. The esteem needs are the external motivators for employees and they are the prizes and awards, while the internal motivators are the private goals that employees set for themselves. Once the main needs are achieved, people are able to reach their true potential, real meaning, wisdom and justice. Â   Within the organization, newly employees await for a security, order and stability from their job. In a certain time, they are trying to seek their role inside the team and thus need active support from their colleagues and leaders. This will not only give new employees feel themselves comfortable, but also will ensure an opportunity to enter the next level of Maslows model. There, the employees do their best to obtain recognition that will motivate them for the further

Managing at a distance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Managing at a distance - Essay Example The central location has become the virtual office, the virtual enterprise, which has translated into the virtual work team. Utilizing virtual teams now allow organizations to bring together critical contributors in real time that might not otherwise be able to work together in a traditional work environment. Virtual teams can also add to the pool of resources available to any organization by opening the door to include people from outside the sponsoring organization such as supply chain affiliates, members of interconnected organizations, or external consultants. In many cases, the communication and insight from this type of 360 degree feedback is can give the organization an edge over their competitors. The result is what has come to be termed a distributed work groups, or virtual teams as they are more commonly known. Like any team, a virtual team works on interdependent tasks guided by a common purpose. Like anymore traditional team, the group needs to have consistent and hands on leadership in order to keep the team focused on the tasks at hand, and facilitate progress. However, because these teams are located across space, time, and organizational and geographic boundaries, the challenges of leading the team have become an entirely new endeavor. As one researcher described it, because of advanced technologies and communication tools global teams are developing the ability to "work together apart" (Grenier and Meters, 1992), In the light of these changing dynamics, leadership personnel must learn a new conflux of tools. "Management by walking around," a term made popular in the 1980's as a way to stay connected to those under the leaders direction is no longer possible. In addition, ineffective management styles which could be compensated for through personal contact now can destroy an organizations ability to communicate and achieve project goals effectively. Therefore, the team leader must be able to complete and facilitate a number of human relational dynamics without seeing his team face to face, including trust building, performance accountability, and conflict resolution. So how does the manager adapt his or her personal style to the needs of the virtual work team in order to overcome the barriers created by different locations and organizational cultures The manager must: 1. have a clear understanding of the project goals and objectives. 2. have a deep understanding of how or her own management styles, it strengths and weaknesses 3. work to improve on his or her weaknesses, and utilize his or her strengths in order to create an environment of transformational leadership. While many different personal evaluation tools have evolved during the past few decades, the Strength Deployment Inventory (SDI) seeks to help the manager understand his or her own personal weaknesses as well as strengths. The purpose of the SDI is to make the manager more aware of their own personality and relationship skills, both positively and negatively. The purpose of the SDI is not to give the learner a task list, but rather educate him to use his gifts more effectively while charting a path to develop his own weaknesses. In the work team environment, an unidentified weakness can destroy the moral or cohesiveness within the group more quickly because of the limited personal contact the participants have with each other. "Team leaders typically find that achieving alignment and commitment

Business Report in Hilton Hotels Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Report in Hilton Hotels - Assignment Example With the increasing reliability upon the group effort by the society and the increment in the organised groups, it has been found that the task of the managers has been increasing in importance and complexity. Since then the management theory has underpinned the way managers manage complex organisation. Therefore, it can be said that management is the process of designing and upholding the environment where the individual who are working collectively in groups efficiently accomplish their aims. There are various objectives of the management. One of them is to ensure that the organisational goals and targets are being met in the lowest possible cost and without any kind of wastage. There are primarily five management functions. They are ‘planning, organising, staffing, leading and controlling’. There are various management theories such as the scientific management school, the management science school, the classical organisational theory school, the behavioural school, a nd the recent development in management theory such as systems approach, team building theory contingency or situational theory and chaos theory. The contingency or situational theory is linked to the Hilton hotels as the main challenge for the hotel is to take its hotels to a greater height and expand its operation in international markets. It needs to beat the growing competition that are providing better facilities and hence are increasing their efficiencies in the service industry. There is a close link between the challenge of Hiltons and the contingency theory. The situational or the contingency theory tries to explain that whenever the decision is taken by the management they must take into consideration all the aspects of the current situation and must instantly act upon those aspects that are important to the situation (Olum, 2004). 1.1 The Competing Values Framework The framework evolved out of the research in order to determine the key factors of the organisational effect iveness. The theory was processed by Quinn and Rohrbaugh in the year 1983. There are two sets of dimension comprising four major quadrants that represent opposite and competing assumptions. The first set of dimension ranges from flexibility and discretion on one hand to stability and control on the other hand. The second dimension consists of internal focus and integration to external focus and differentiation. According to Quinn and Cameron, the quadrant has been labelled as Clan, Adhocracy, Hierarchy and Market cultures. The clan culture is similar to an extended family. This type of organisation focuses upon the employee involvement, empowerment, cohesion, participation, team work, corporate commitment to the employees and self managed teams. The adhocracy culture focuses on the dynamic, creative and entrepreneurial organisation. These kinds of organisations thrive in an ambiguous, turbulent and uncertain environment. In case of hierarchy culture, it is assumed to be a formalised and structured bureaucracy. It values reliability, predictability, efficiency and standardisation. The market culture is goal oriented and intensely competitive. It tries to put more emphasis upon the market share, profitability, penetration, productivity and wining (Lincoln, 2010). Source: (East Carolina University, n.d.).

Controversial legal issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Controversial legal issue - Essay Example Major religions of the world favor the continuance of life in practically most instances with a very few exceptions where the taking of life can be justified. Religious laws are quite absolute about the prohibition against taking a life, whether one's own life or that of another person. In the eyes of God, anyone who takes life commits a grave mortal sin. However, great strides and advances in medical science and technology now allow the person to prolong life by artificial methods. This technological achievement is unprecedented in the history of mankind. For the first time ever, Man can now â€Å"play God† because he has a power to extend a life whenever he wants to. Regrettably, present laws and jurisprudence has not kept up with these medical advances. The result is often confusing as there are no rules to guide us by. In the same manner, ethics (in particular, biological ethics or bio-ethics) likewise has not been able to deal with complex medical issues. Euthanasia or me rcy killing is just one bio-medical issue that has hounded healthcare professionals and legal practitioners alike. The questions regarding euthanasia are many and very convoluted; there are no easy answers here. This paper re-visits and examines the issue of euthanasia from a legal perspective. Discussion There are many biological and medical issues that are not being resolved satisfactorily by the present state of our medical ethics today. Besides euthanasia, other examples that legal and medical experts alike grapple with are abortion, surrogate motherhood, organ transplants, brain death and end-of-life care (palliative medicine). The basic questions facing all ethicists can be generalized into a few categories, such as: how is life to be measured and determined (that life exists), who will judge whether a person should live or die, what constitutes proof of death and when should heroic medical intervention be withheld from a patient? The ultimate question is who has the right to live and the right to die? Even dying can be considered as one of the more basic human rights – that is, the right to die with dignity intact. Euthanasia – in plain and simple language, euthanasia means mercy killing. There are many situations in which euthanasia seems to be justified, such as when a person is suffering from an incurable and terminal disease and is very likely to suffer in great pain. Literally, the meaning of euthanasia in Greek is a â€Å"good and easy death† to relieve pain and suffering. Even the British House of Lords had deemed it appropriate to give a precise definition for it – â€Å"this is a deliberate intervention to end a life with express intention to relieve intractable suffering.† While people are still healthy, it is easy to be detached about all the debates on euthanasia but a time will come when a person has to face it and its consequences. The controversy surrounding euthanasia has been made more complicated beca use of the earlier practice of eugenics which is medical science applied to improving the composition of genetics in a human population (Appel, 2004, p. 611). Eugenics fell into disrepute because it was employed by the Nazis in their desire to attain a high level of purity of the Aryan races. There were several abuses committed such as forced sterilization, human experiments and the extermination of undesirable groups of people (compulsory or

Letter of Intent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Letter of Intent - Essay Example ience provided me with a detailed insight into construction and architectural drawings and visual and mechanical inspection of various building elements. I observed the importance of having good leadership and managerial skills in order to excel in the field as an executive. While I explored and polished my leadership and managerial skills in this job, I realized that the importance of being formally qualified in the same cannot be overemphasized. This experience spurred an interest in me to specialize in education and leadership. Five years from now, I want to see myself among the top management executives in my company. I need to have thorough understanding and knowledge of the critical knowledge areas of management band leadership in order to realize my plans. My goal is to establish a strong business model wherein I lead responsibly and effectively. I am positive that getting a Master degree in Education and Leadership from Thompson Rivers University will open new doors of opportunity for me and speak for my competencies and skills as a learned leader before the prospective

Opinion Portfolio Essay Example for Free

Opinion Portfolio Essay 1. Are the media a real cause of violence and crime, or do they simply report what they see? The Media does not create the news it merely reports it.   It sensationalizes events, but cannot take responsibility for its impact on viewers.   In general the media has a responsibility which is married to society’s right to the free flow of information.   The irresponsible manner in which the media reports information can have both a deterrent and encouraging impact on the masses. But in the end criminal conduct is a creature of conscience and each member of society is responsible for his own conscience.   The greatest fault that can be attributed to the media’s role in reporting violence and crime is one of desensitizing the viewing public. 2. Should the media be used to fight crime? The media is viewed as an instrument of social control and in that sense it can and should be used to fight crime.   The key to successful detection, investigation and prosecution of criminal conduct is primarily attributed to information sharing.   The mere nature of the mass media’s role in information sharing puts it in a unique position to influence the commission of crimes.   The freedom of the press can be exploited to such an extent so as to reduce recidivism in a number of useful arenas and to deter criminal conduct in general. 3. Should the exclusionary rule be abolished? The exclusionary rule exists as a safeguard against public abuse of powers in respect of innocent persons.   All evidence presented at a criminal trial is required to be relevant.   If evidence is collected in an arbitrary manner it becomes suspect and therefore not relevant to the issue of guilt or innocence.   This is so because its probative value is outweighed by its prejudicial effect. When one piece of evidence is tainted it has the capacity to taint all other evidence no matter how relevant it is even if that other evidence was collected and preserved with integrity.   It is therefore essential that the exclusionary rule remain a part of the criminal justice process. Does a racial disparity exist in regard to the application of the death penalty? Many surveys conclude that blacks are more likely to receive the death penalty than whites while just as many surveys reveal that whites are more likely to receive the death penalty than blacks.   The end result is that the surveys merely reflect the demographic variables relative to the specific surveys conducted and do not reflect a prejudiced criminal justice system. 5. Are sexual assault cases under prosecuted? Sufficient data exist to support a contention that sexual assault cases are indeed under prosecuted.   This fact is married to the fact that sexual assault cases are by and large under reported.   Experts conclude that the under reporting and under prosecuting of sexual assault cases is directly linked to society’s general view that sexual assault only happens to others and the survivor’s reputation and credibility becomes as central to any sexual assault prosecution as does the suspect’s. 6. Should parole be abolished? Parole by its very nature is an important tool for the reintegration of the offender into society.   A prisoner has to meet very structured requirements in order to be eligible for parole. If parole is abolished a very important element necessary for the success of rehabilitation within the criminal justice system would be compromised. 7. Does the Patriot Act infringe on civil liberties? The Patriot Act was passed in response to national security issues following the September 11 terrorist attacks on US soil.   It is fails to adequately balance the need for increased protection of the homeland and citizens ‘right to protection of the law in respect of civil liberties.   Under the fear of increased statutory government powers of surveillance, search, seizure and arrests the Patriot Act may have by application given citizens more reasons to fear acts of terrorism against a government who has as its agenda the deterrence, detection and prevention of terrorism. 8. Is the US prepared for acts of terror or national emergencies? The United States is as prepared for acts of terror or national emergencies as much as it is possible to be prepared.   The requisite laws have been passed increasing police and government powers and certainly the United States has in place a military and medical response mechanism that can cope with practically any level of national emergencies. The unpredictable nature of terrorism and national emergencies makes it impossible for any nation to have a perfect response system in place.   The United States is no exception.

Analysis of Free Trade and Free Trade Agreements

Analysis of Free Trade and Free Trade Agreements Introduction In 1776 Adam Smith published â€Å"The Wealth of Nations†, in which he introduced the proposition that free trade among nations improves overall economic welfare. The concept of free trade has since become a generally accepted principle. A considerable number of economists assume that free trade is beneficial for countries involved in and raises overall economic welfare. Free trade, generally explained as the elimination of tariffs, quotas, or other governmental restrictions on international trade. This allows each nation to specialize in the production of goods that it can produce relatively cheaper and more efficient than other countries, which eventually results in higher real income. In spite of free trades benefits, it sometimes hurts the domestic industry, because the removal of tariffs makes it difficult for domestic firms to compete with the cheaper imports of that good coming from partners. Free trade agreements among countries are set up multilaterally, bilaterally or regionally. Multilateral agreement involves a number of countries, which is currently promoted by World Trade Organization (WTO) that also permits implementation of bilateral (involves two countries) and regional (involves two or more countries in a region) arrangements. WTO website reports that 462 bilateral and regional trade agreements are in force up to February 2010. In this report, the theory of free trade agreements is analyzed on the basis of economics along with their practice in real life taking into account the examples of North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU). Furthermore, given empirical evidence related to free trade agreements provides a clear picture of the pattern of those agreements. Economic Integration Free trade agreement (FTA) is a negotiated treaty among a designated group of countries that have accepted to eliminate trade barriers between them. As a consequence, member countries allow one another preferential consideration in trade. In order, this results in closer economic integration between nations. Economic integration is materialized under several associations. First of those is free trade areas (FTAs), under which tariffs and non-tariff barriers on trade have been eliminated between members, nevertheless, each country preserves its private trade policies outside the region. The second preferential trade institution is customs union, in which countries create free trade among members and keep hold ofcommon tariffs and other policies outside the organization. Common markets, the third type of preferential trade, is a further step of customs union, which not only promotes elimination of tariffs and non-tariff barriers with common tariffs for non-members, but also free moveme nt of capital and labour across internal borders within the market. The last form of arrangement in terms of preferential treatment is economic union, in which countries go further beyond by bringing together their economies with setting up a common currency, in order a unified monetary policy, at the same time as other economic institutions. The most essential example of such a group of member countries is the European Union, which initially started as a customs union and eventually reached to an economic union.According to Cooper (2005), majority of recent FTAs comprise rules oneconomic activities along with trade in goods, including foreign investment, intellectualproperty rights protection, treatment of labor and environment, and trade in services.The dimension and complexity of the FTA will predominantly demonstrate the size and difficulty ofthe economic relations. Economics of Free Trade Free trade agreements are believed to bring economic growth to member countries with respect to the volume of trade. According to Trentmann (1998:226), â€Å"thedoctrine of free trade, that provides unrestricted commodity exchange between places is the best way to advance their mutual prosperity†. To explain the benefits of free trade, economists use David Ricardos theory of comparative advantage and basic tariff or quota analysis. In 1817 Ricardo presented the concept of comparative advantage, which is regarded as one of the most significant laws of economics. It refers to, for a country,producing a good or a service at a lower cost compared to another good within an economy. Therefore, the comparative advantage ability of a nation contributes to trade with its partner. Even if a country has an absolute disadvantage in producing any good than the other nation, there is still a foundation for joint beneficial trade. According to the theory, bearing in mind two goods, the first nation should specialize in production and exportation of the good, in which it has smaller absolute disadvantage and importationof the item in which its absolute disadvantage is greater.As a result, specialization among nations, allows them to allocate their scarce resources to the production of the certain goods and services, in which that country has a comparative advantage. Since free trade grants specialization among countries, this expands worldwide output level. The welfare of specialization with economies of scale, which is the fall in costs because of output increases, makes the global production possibility frontier to enlarge. This displays the fact that under free trade the quantity of produced goods and services is higher than the previous level, which leads to international economic prosperity. Another method of describing the advantage of free trade is using a basic tariff analysis. A tariff is a tax on imports, which simply raises the price collected by domestic producers of that good. Figure 1 shows the benefit of free trade with the example of tariff assumption. The above graph illustrates the imposition of an import tariff on a made-up good. Previous to tariff, Pworld is the price of the good in the world market. However, the levied tax on the good increases the domestic price from Pworld to Ptariff. As a consequence of higher prices, the domestic production grows from Qs1 to Qs2 at the same time domestic consumption shrinks from Qc1 to Qc2. The increase in price due to introduced tariff has significant effects on the welfare of the society. This ultimately leads to a decrease in consumer surplus with the new border of Ptariff level, a rise in producer surplus up to Ptariff level, and additional revenue for the government (the blue area). Nevertheless, the consumer loss is considerably more than the profits of producers and the government together. The size of societal loss is shown by the two triangles. Hence, imposition of tariff makes society worse off, vice versa; free trade would provide a net gain for society. The similar analysis of export tariffs, import and export quotas all generate practically very same results. This makes consumers occasionally better off and producers worse off or sometimes consumers worse off and producers better off, yet establishing trade barriers create a net loss to trading countries as the amount of losers from trade limitations is greater than winners from those restrictions. Landsburg (2004), based on empirical evidence, states that free trade also produces winners and losers; nonetheless, the volume of gains from free trade is bigger than the losses. Hence, being under free trade positively affects nations economic welfare. Economic impact of free trade Formation of free trade agreements throughout the world raises notions about their impact on member countries and nonmembers. The issue has been discussed by economists and separated them into those who are strongly against the free trade and find it economically inefficient, and those who are in favour of it and believe that it creates freer trade. To build their analysis on the impact of the free trade, economists use the theories of trade creation and trade diversion. Jacob Viner first introduced these theories in 1950, whose work later has been mostly applied for free trade agreements. The concept of trade creation is based on the assumption that a member country substitute domestic production of a good with imports of that good from another member, since launch of free trade makes it more profitable to import rather than produce domestically. This is also described as a shift from a higher cost domestic zone to a lower cost partner source. Trade creation with an example of a European Union (EU) member. A member country should import from a EU partner, which charges a lower price thanks to termination of tariffs and this leads to a rise in consumer surplus. The creation of trade contributes to economic welfare within the member countries as resources are utilized more efficiently. Trade diversion is implemented when a member country shifts its import of a good from an efficient nonmember to a less efficient partner in view of the fact that elimination of tariffs among the members and imposition of tariffs on imports from nonmembers make it more affordable to do so. It is a shift from lower cost international territory to a higher cost regional partner source. The graph of trade diversion again using the example of EU. In view of the fact that, EU is a customs union, it has a common external tariff on products coming from nonmember countries. This raises the price of imports from the rest of the world, which at the same time brings inefficiency by reducing consumer surplus. Consequently, costs are higher for a EU country if it formerly had entry for a lower cost producer. The graph also shows the deadweight losses as a result of trade diversion. Trade diversion is meant to lower economic welfare as a less efficient producer now uses resources rather than an efficient one. In general, creation of free trade agreements are subject to both trade creation and trade diversion. When countries are forming a freer trade among themselves, with respect to pattern of the agreement, they could be economically and financially deteriorated. This would be a result if diversion of trade exceeds its creation according to Lipsey and Lancasters (1956) general theory of the second best principle. Therefore, forming a FTA does not always improve efficiency or bring prosperity, but sometimes moving to it may reduce the national welfare of the nations involved. Empirical Evidence Foundation of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1947, significantly affected expansion of world trade by reducing tariff barriers on manufactured goods. Over the years, average tariffs have fallen from around 40 percent to about 5 percent currently. GATT became World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 and now involves worlds 153 countries. Although WTOs success on world trade, it still has the problem of maintaining and extending liberalism in the global trading system. Multilateral negations, which include many trading partners, over trade liberalization move very slowly. Besides this, it has not had a great success in liberalizing trade in agriculture, textile, or apparel industries. For this reason, rather than multilateral negotiations, bilateral or regional trade agreements has become a preference for a number of countries. Source:http://www.unescap.org/tid/projects/rtaap_overview.pdf The rapid increase in the regional trade agreements from the 1950s hitherto. It is indicated that around 450 RTAs have been notified to the WTO, of which almost 250 are currently in force. Source: http://www.unescap.org/tid/projects/rtaap_overview.pdf Source: http://www.unescap.org/tid/projects/rtaap_overview.pdf In its early years, implementation of a free trade agreement was subject to free trade of only goods, however, currently trade agreements involves trade in services as well. According to the UNESCAP (2009), out of current 246, 171 RTAs cover trade in goods, 61 trade in services and 15 are accessions to existing RTAs. Besides this, 70% of RTAs being reached an agreement but not yet in force, provides free movement of services on trade. Source: http://www.unescap.org/tid/projects/rtaap_overview.pdf The above chart displays that the majority of trade agreements with 82% are free trade areas, whereas only 11% of those account for customs union and the remaining part belongs to partial scope. Slow progress on the multilateral agenda has led to many countries to attain more efficient negotiations for the deeper regional integration.One of these agreements is North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). NAFTA NAFTA is a trilateral free trade treaty that came into force in January 1994 involving three countries-United States, Canada, and Mexico. The fundamental object of the agreement was to put an end to the huge majority of trade barriers among the members. The formation of NAFTA led to the instant removal of tariffs on US-Mexico business transactions, whereas nearly all US-Canada trade was already tax-free. According to Hufbauer and Schott (2005), NAFTA was created to boost economic growth by stimulating competition in domestic markets and promoting investment through national and international sources. They also state that this has worked and consequently has brought efficiency and productivity to North American Firms. Currently, they can benefit from economies of scale in production and intra-industry specialization. NAFTA at a Glance NAFTA Partners Canada U.S. Mexico Combined Population (2008 est.) 33.3 million 304.1 million 106.7 million 444.1 million Languages English and French English Spanish GDP (2008) 1,501 billion 14,441 billion 1,087 billion 17.0 trillion Trade with NAFTA 570.8 billion 919.9 billion 393.5 billion 946.1 billion Inward FDI (2008) 240.0 billion 229.8 billion 156.0 billion _1 Jobs created (1993-2008) 4.3 25.1 9.3 39.7 Employment Level, 2008 17.1 145.4 43.2 205.7 Source: http://www.naftanow.org/facts/default_en.asp Establishment of NAFTA has contributed significantly to the trade relations between Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Although, economists disagree whether the growth is a direct outcome of the agreement, the expansion is proved by the facts from the office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR). USTR (2008) reports that trade within the members more than tripled between 1993 and 2008, from $297 billion to $946.1 billion. Besides this, business investment in the United States has risen by 117 percent between the same years, as compared to a 45 percent rise in the fourteen years prior. Trade with NAFTA members, currently, makes up more than 80 percent of Canadian and Mexican trade, and more than a third of U.S. trade. NAFTA has allowed North American businesses to have a better entry to sources including materials, technology, investment and human capital accessible within the partners. This brings competitiveness to the businesses in the North America as a consequence of trade liberalization. In order, trade liberalization makes an important role in promoting economic growth. Since NAFTA came into force, the economy of member countries has more than doubled in size. As it is shown in the Figure 4, in 2008, the combined gross domestic product (GDP) for partners exceeded US$17 trillion, up from US$7.6 trillion in 1993. Both Mexico and Canada have experienced economic growth since the formation of NAFTA. Being a member of this institution caused a rapid increase in trade with the United States for these economies. Thanks to trade liberalization, a substantial reduction in prices for Mexico and Canadas consumers occurred as a result of tariff removals along with bringing up efficiency in business relations.In case of United States, NAFA countries became top two largest export markets in 2008. USTR (2009) reports that the value of U.S. exports to NAFTA was $412.4 billion in 2008, up 7.2 % ($27.6 billion) from 2007, and up 190% from 1993 (the year before NAFTA). The top export categories (2-digit HS) in 2008 were: Machinery ($63.5 billion), Vehicles (parts) ($59.5 billion), Electrical Machinery ($49.2 billion) and Mineral Fuel and Oil ($27.9 billion), and Plastic ($22.3 billion) (USTR. 2009). U.S. exports to NAFTA evaluated 32.0% of total U.S. exports in 2008, down slightly from 32.2% in 1994. Whereas U.S. imports from NAFTA accounted for 26.4% of overall U.S. imports in 2008, down from 26.9% in 1994. NAFTA countries Canada ($339.5 billion) and Mexico (215.9 billion) are totaled the largest and third largest importers for U.S. respectively in 2008. U.S. goods imports from NAFTA accounted for $554.4 billion in 2008, up 5.2% ($27.7 billion) from 2007, and up 268% from 1993 (USTR, 2009). The five largest categories in 2008 were Mineral Fuel and Oil (crude oil) ($157.8 billion), Vehicles ($79.7 billion), Electrical Machinery ($63.5 billion), Machinery ($46.5 billion), and Special Other (returns) ($14.3 billion). It is very obvious that NAFTA has become very successful in soaring trade between its member nations. Yet, it is not very clear to understand whether the increase is really contributed to world trade or whether the increase actually symbolizes trade diversion. Just like any other free trade area, NAFTA members are subject to hold their own external tariff for third countries. This behavior of FTAs features Rules of Origin (ROO) concept. Its intention is to prevent trade deflection, i.e. goods or services accessing the member country with the lowest tariff for the object of trans-shipment. Although a product, coming from a member, has an access of free entry, if it contains material or processing from a third country it is then necessary to set which such inputs are permitted (Augier). A quite number of negative effects are attributed to ROO in economic literature. It could be said that these rules are protectionist and leads to negative economic welfare.Krueger (1997) states that eve n where the purpose of ROO is not protectionist, they provide a great amount of cost for producers and administrators. NAFTA possesses restrictive rules of origin procedure as well.Hufbauer and Schott (2005:23) comment that in a few industries, most notably textiles and apparel where yarn forward rules of origin were imposed specifically to make US textile firms the preferred suppliers for Mexican apparel manufacturers, NAFTA has indeed fostered trade diversion†.The rules of origin have possibly brought about trade diversion for certain industries under NAFTA. European Union European Union (EU) is the worlds largest trading bloc. The Treaty of Rome established the foundation of the EU in 1958. This treaty created a supranational institution called European Economic Community (EEC) between six countries (France, Western Germany, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg). The primary purpose of the EEC was to create a customs union and an incomplete common market. Customs Union has entailed free trade between members with the protection of the union against the rest of the world. Merging markets brought up rapid progress in the 1960s and early 1970s. The following objective was to implement an economic union by setting up common policies. In 1993, the Maastricht Treaty implemented the single market and the European Union was formally established. Currently, the EU involves 27 countries with over 500 million population. The advantages from free trade predicted by theory encouraged the founders of EU to adopt removal of barriers on trade. In the 1970s and 1980s the new partners both those, which joined in 1972 (the UK, Ireland and Denmark) and those, which joined in the 1980s (Spain, Portugal, and Greece) eliminated all tariffs and quotas in intra-EU trade. After the completion of the customs union, the EU has picked a common external tariff (CET) in their relation with the rest of the world. The CET principle applies generally to all manufactured products. Until recently it did not apply to agricultural products market, which is protected by the EU. Nonetheless, being under a customs union has had a favorable influence on the EU members so that trade among member states overweighs the trade with the third countries. Between 1958 and 1972, the trade among the six original EU members had increased by nine times, whereas goods trade with the third countries grew by three times (Molle, 2006). This was attributed to the trade creation effect of the EU. In 1993, the completion of single market provided removal of all trade barriers and free movement of goods, services, capital and people within the EU. It is believed that the single market actually benefits the union with reducing the business costs along with stimulating competition and increasing efficiency for the advantage of consumers. BIS reports that in 2006 the EUs GDP was 2.2% higher than it would have been in the absence of the Single Market, which benefited consumers by an average increase of â‚ ¬518 per capita. Furthermore, an extra 2.75 million jobs have been created as a result of the single market across Europe. Molle (2006) states that in the period 1960-2000 intra-EU trade has expanded by almost 7 per cent annually, which is considerably in excess of GDP growth. The main factors of this growth were the EU integration and ongoing liberalization of world trade. After the enlargement of Austria, Finland, and Sweden in 1995, original members trade with the three new partners increased significantly, indicating an effect of integration. In 2004 and 2007, EU experienced its biggest enlargement by the join of 12 Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). This resulted in changes in the EUs trade pattern because enlargement made the new partners as a part of intra-EU trade, which used to be considered as an extra-EU commerce. As a result, EUs internal trade accounted for nearly two thirds of the EUs total foreign trade, summing approximately â‚ ¬4.9 trillion in 2006 (Panorama of European Union Trade). David (2009) based on his research, states that the enlargement led to a net trade creation caused by notable gross trade between the EU and CEECS. Although exports from older 15 members to new eastern European members surpass their imports, this in general increases liberalized trade between partners and creates overall positive impact. Free Trade Area vs Customs Union Both of these two major forms of economic integration have a distinctive behavior that has notable implications. For an FTA, with every single country possessing its own external tariff, the ROO is the typical feature. In terms of a CU, the distinguishable factor is the common external tariff (CET), which is related to third countries. When a common external tariff is the case, imports into the unions area meet the same tariff in each member country; therefore there is no incentive for trans-shipment of imports among members. Mirus and Rylska statethat the once CET established, it remains non-negotiable, although this may result in increase in non-tariff barriers, common commercial and trade policies would limit such attempts. The administrative simplicity in a CET makes it easy to implement, promoting efficiency and competition as a result of lowered input costs. Taking into account FTAs ROO feature, Krueger (1995) has revealed that an FTA does not cause more net trade creation than a CU for the same partners. Besides this, an FTA will not be economically more successful than a CU for the same members, if the CET is placed below the level of the high cost country. In this situation, trade is created when the high cost nation lowers production because of tariff cuts, in contrast an FTA would maintain the tariff and creates less trade. Considering the protectionist (trade-diversion) effect of ROO, this accounts for more trade creation and less trade diversion for a CU. Bearing in mind the borders and separate customs operation under an FTA, a CU resembles a larger single market, in which the power of interest groups compared to an FTA is significantly low and scale economics along with competition effects are importantly greater. Furthermore, a fairly large CU will have a remarkable influence on the prices of globally traded products, compellin g non-member countries to undertake the existed prices inside the CU. As a result, non-members will export to the CU at prices that contains CET and transport costs, granting an aspect of monopsony power to the CU. This effect is not that clear for an FTA with similar partners. Hence, the welfare-enhancing benefit of a CU is greater than those of an FTA. Conclusion This report provides analysis of free trade and free trade agreements with their economic implications including economic integration, comparative advantage, trade creation and trade diversion effects. Moreover, the practical impacts of NAFTA, the worlds largest free trade area, alongside the European Union, which is the worlds biggest customs union, are surveyed. The results reveal that formation of both of these institutions has enormously increased the dimensions of trade among members. In addition, a rise in investment, competition and closer economic integration has contributed economic welfare of the countries involved. Welfare enhancing characteristic of free trade as a consequence of elimination of trade barriers stimulate nations to implement free trade agreementsacross the world. This was primarily undertaken by GATT/WTO, however, inefficiency and inadequacy of this institution in trade liberalization required countries to move towards the bilateral and regional trade agree ments preferred to multilateral trade negotiations. Under regional trade agreements, Bhagwati (1992) states that trade diversion is more likely to prevail trade creation in most cases. Besides this, the dominant view among mainstream economists is that regionalism is disadvantageous for the multilateral trading system because they bear discriminatory features in their nature. In contrast, Krugman favors regional agreements and states that contemporary trade barriers are much more complicated to agree on multilateral level, whereas, negotiating in regional forums is really easy to cope with. Moreover, he does not find regional trade agreements to have any kind of negative effect on multilateral structure. Recent studies demonstrate that,under regional and bilateral trade agreements, trade diversion effects are limited and a significant amount of trade creation effects dominate under those treaties (Urata and Okabe, 2007).Both the cases of NAFTA and the European Union show that the tr ade creation effects prevail, as a result, this generates economic welfare.

Effect of Love Stories on Real Life

Effect of Love Stories on Real Life Okikioluwa Akinbiyi Akindele How do love stories (in the media) affect our understanding of romance in real life? Romance is something that exists all around us. It can be said that many of us grew up with hearing epic love stories such as Cinderella, Snow White and the likes. Romantic movies have played a significant role in the entertainment industry. According to a recent survey carried out by the U.S. Bureau of Labour Statistics, romance is the third highest grossing genre coming behind adventure and action which are 1st and 2nd respectively (USBLS, 2013). However these romantic movies and love stories have played a part in the distortion of the understanding and expectation of love in real life. According to Jake and Melissa Kircher, â€Å"because of media and technology, the ways in which people fall in love, connect within relationship and experience sexuality are different than any other generation before this one.† (Kircher, 2011). They go ahead to point out that the root of any romance is love. This over-emphasis on love in this generation is encouraged by the media that tells s tories, sings songs and writes books about how true love conquers all, is ultimately fulfilling, brings a never-ending wealth of happiness and is rarely marred by significant conflict. As beautiful a picture that is, it does not happen that way in real life. However, the tantalising and intriguing images which are seen by these people give them a certain picture on how romance should be. These people get disappointed when they realise that sometimes romance gets boring. The appeal of fantastic love stories is undeniable. (Galloway, 2011). According to Bachen and Illouz, the contemporary portrayals of romantic love are a â€Å"visual affair†, reiterating the fact that where the written word may fall short, images impressed upon us can elicit strong emotional arousal. They go ahead to explain that mediated images and representations-such as those used on television, in films and adverts- â€Å"evoke strong mechanisms of identification, are intensely realistic and are the privileged discourse of sexual and romantic desire â€Å"giving them an air of credibility.† (Bachen Illouz, 1996). Galican points out that the source of much appeal is the absolution of any real personal responsibility in a romantic relationship. (Galician, 2009). If a relationship fails miserably, then obviously â€Å"this one† was not â€Å"the one† and individuals must continue to wait patiently for their damsel in distress or knight in shining armour as is in the case of stories like Rapunzel, Snow White and so on. As people get attached to these images of romance from the media, they begin to yearn for a romance that is filled with happiness and personal fulfilment. When it does not happen this way, these people believe that love is gone and this has led to the end of beautiful relationships that would have created ultimate happiness for both parties (Kircher, 2011). I will investigate, using relevant literature, and find out to what extent epic love stories affect our understanding of love in real life. I will then outline my proposed methodology which will be used and I will give the potential implications. Literature Review Movies as mass communication Many epic love stories are produced to the public in the form of movies. When one thinks of movies, the cinema immediately springs to mind. Over the years the cinema has been a neutral destination where couples go on dates, single people look for romance, friends go to relax, or to just have good family fun. According to Matzkin (1999) cited in Galloway (2011) movie audiences have become more â€Å"fragmented† and â€Å"homogenous† since the cinema’s inception and are â€Å"largely composed of young movie goers between the ages of 12 and 29† (Galloway, 2011). In the USA and Canada alone, multitudes numbering approximately 1,343,000,000, visit the cinemas each year. (Motion Picture Association of America, 2013). However more and more people are beginning to reduce their movie going because they would rather rent movies ands stay at home for free rather than pay at the cinema. Also staying at home saves time and energy as mobility is reduced. The advancement of technology has made the movie watching experience a lot better and more engaging. With the creation of 3D TV screens and surround sound system, movie viewers are able to have and enjoy the cinema experience in the comfort of their homes. Accordig to Anne Jackel ‘†¦powerful players in the film industry argued that a larger number of screens would provide greater diversity and more choice. (Albertazzi Cobley, 2010). She goes on to point that digital distribution offers a wider choice and has the capability to promote cultural diversity. The use of the internet is another way people are able to access these movies. With the ability to stream videos online, infrequent theater goers are able to watch newly released movies in the comfort of their own homes. With the furtherance of digital technology, viewers are susceptible to watch these movies and allow themselves be fed with different love myths. Love Myths â€Å"A basic function of the media is the creation of representation or simulations- reproduced versions of reality† (Foss, Foss, Trapp, 2002). There are certain themes or rather myths that are usually present in romantic stories which has an effect on the audience. Cassady Green (2013) points out that the audience often leaves the movie theatre yearning for a love similar to the one on the silver screen. She goes ahead to explain the problems involved as women and adolescents begin to expect similar qualities in their own love life, many of which are improbable or even unobtainable in reality. One prevalent myth in love stories is the notion of the soul mate. Two parties being â€Å"destined† or â€Å"made† for one another. These stories or movies leads to both soulmates finding each other. In the movie â€Å"Down To Earth (Weitz Weitz, 2001), Lance played by Chris Rockrides is riding on his bike when he spots Sontee(Regina King). They both share a moment of attraction. Unfortunately he is hit and killed by a truck, prematurely. To fix the mistake he is offered the body of an old grouchy unloving billionaire. When he sees Sontee at the billionaire’s house, he believes that Sontee is his soulmate and hence agres to take the body of Charles Wellington III, just to be with her. In the short while before he is killed, Lance and Sontee fall in love while Lance is still in the body of the old man. Even after he is killed and he comes back as another person, Joe Guy, who is not supposed to remember anybody from Lance’s past, he is still able to make some sort of connection with Sontee and the movie ends with both of them going out for coffee. This reiterates the myth of soulmates: no matter what happens both parties are destined to end up together. Cassady Green (2013) observes that â€Å"soulmates is a notion that can be particularly detrimental to real life relationships. This is because viewers are led to believe that they can have a one of a kind relationship which is special and unlike no one else’s. The likelihood of this happening is very slim and this goes a long way in explaining the impact these stories have on the viewer. Also there are instances where one person has incredibly strong feelings for someone, a â€Å"love epiphany† so to say. These movies give viewers the impression that it is not strange for someone to suddenly getstrong feelings of love for nother person. This has the power to lead to the dissatisfaction of one’s ownlove life due to the high expectations that viewers have for th eir relationships which are demonstrated in popular films. Another love myth is the notion of ‘love at first sight’. According to Gallician (2004) cited by Galloway (2011), â€Å"In the â€Å"reel† world, there is, in fact, â€Å"such a thing as love at first sight†. A fleeting gaze exchanged in a minute’s time registers as a moment of revelation, foreshadowing the fulfillment of an otherworldly bond between two strangers whose fates are inextricably intertwined. Often visual portrayals of these two myths emphasize the loneliness and lack that plagues one’s life prior to finding his or her â€Å"one and only.† (Galloway, 2011). This myth already conditions the mind of the viewer to believe that if in real life, a scenario where they come in contact with other people for the first- if that moment does not contain characteristics of a â€Å"love at first sight† moment, then the relationship is not meant to be. Another myth that we are shown in romantic stories is the idea that ‘all you need is love’. (Galician, 2009) This is when people begin to behave out of reason just because of love. According to Galloway (2011), â€Å"characters in television shows and movies give up or alter their own systems of belief in exchange for affection†. Characters in these stories believe that ‘problems will work themselves out in the name of love’ (Galloway, 2011). An example is The Little Mermaid (Clements Musker, 1989) where the protagonist,Ariel chooses to trade her voice for human parts just because she fell in love with Prince Eric. At the end of the movie, she gets her voice and still stays a human. This gives viewers the idea that because of love, you are able to have your cake and eat it. In the story of Snow White, where she had eaten the fruit and had gone into a deep sleep. It was an act of love, a kiss from a prince that broke the spell and woke her up and the â€Å"lived happily ever after†. The 2013 film â€Å"Frozen† is another example of how love is the ultimate. After plunging the kingdom into a never ending winter, Elsa finally realises that love is the way to end the problem. (Buck Lee, 2013). Another myth that is portrayed in the romantic stories is the idea that â€Å"the love of a good woman can change a man from a â€Å"beast† in to a â€Å"prince† (Galician, 2009). An example is the movie Beauty and The Beast (Trousdale Wise, 1991). Through the ‘power of love’ and the â€Å"goodness of her heart† Belle was able to change the scary, abusive,monstrous Beast into a handsome loving prince. According to Mary-Lou Galician, (2009), â€Å"Belle’s attempts to reform her captor would be most unwise in real life. We cannot change others- especially not abusive â€Å"heroes† who have a good heart inside if only the woman can be â€Å"good enough† to bring it out. This fallacy underlies much domestic violence.† Social Cognitive Theory This is a theory that suggests that individuals commit to memory behaviours they have observed to be later used as models on which to base their own behaviour. (Green, 2013). These behaviours are more likely to be modeled when they have been modeled by accompllished people whom the world agrees with and if the outcome of the behaviour appeals to the audience. When we talk about romantic stories in this case, the theory suggests that the audience may actively observe the behaviour within relationships depicted by the media in order to gain understanding in how they themselves could behave in their own relationships. (Green, 2013). This theory works for fashion trends also. If a celebrity decides to make a fashion choice, chances are that trend will take off and everyone will begin to dress as such. An example is David Beckham. Over theyears, he has managed to set trends for young men, especially in the UK when it comes to hairstyles. According to SS, (SS, 2009)â€Å"Beckhams differen t hairdos are talked about just as much as his soccer skills, and a new season often means a great new style.† Proposed Methodology I plan to organise a focus group comprising of people from different courses at my university. In this focus group, the main theme will be my topic: How love stories affect our understanding of love and romance in real life. We would also be discussing other questions like â€Å"what do you think is the reason why people believe the notions embedded within these stories and also what they feel about the importance of language within stories. I plan to do this because I would like to find oout According to Galloway(2011) content analyses of romantic media are useful. I would implement this methodology because one may find that the nature of modern movies has evolved to represent realistic relationships or regressed, depicting only mythic love storie (Galloway, 2011). Also I am planning to conduct an interview with members of a book club and get their views on romance from romantic books they have all read. In addition to organising the focus group, I plan to make use of questionnaires to carry out a survey. My aim of the questionnaires is to find out which gender is easily persuaded or more prone to believe the romantic myths given to us by media producers. I intend to utilise the questionnaire used by Lauren Galloway (2011) in her article. ‘Does Movie viewing cultivate unrealistic expectations about love and marriage’ as a guideline in building my own survey questionnaires. I would use the results and findings I have gathered to develop a series of recommendations concerning love stories and their ability to deceive us into believing something that we are not supposed to. So these are the three methodologies I intend to use to tacke this research: focus group and interviews, content analysis and discourse analysis. The Association of Qualitative Research (AQR, 2013) defines the Focus group/interviews as a â€Å"term often applied to a group discussion carried out for market research purposes. Participants unknown to each other are brought together, in a particular neutral location, for the specific purpose of discussing an issue, or responding to ideas or materials of interest to the client of the research.† In this case, focus groups are important because they are useful in finding out an audience’s opinion on the representation of romance in movies. Content analysis is another interesting way because it shows how often something is represented. Satu Elo and Helvi Kyngas (2007) define content analysis as a method of analysing documents. Content analysis allows the researcher to test theoretical issues to enhance understanding of the dat a. (Elo Kyngas, 2007) In this case, it is important to know how often romance is represented in the movies and stories. Finally, discourse analysis/semiotics can be defined as explicit, systematic account of structures, strategies or processes of text or talk in terms of theoretical notions developed in any branch of the field. (Dijk, 2013) exists to find out what the representation means. Videography Buck, C., Lee, J. (Directors). (2013). Frozen [Motion Picture]. Clements, R., Musker, J. (Directors). (1989). The Little mermaid [Motion Picture]. Trousdale, G., Wise, K. (Directors). (1991). Beauty and The Beast [Motion Picture]. Weitz, C., Weitz, P. (Directors). (2001). Down To Earth [Motion Picture] Bibliography Albertazzi, D., Cobley, P. (2010). The Media: An Introduction. Essex: Pearson Education Limited. America, M. P. (2013). Theatrical Market Statistics. USA. AQR. (2013). Focus group. Retrieved April 2014, from Association of qualitative research: http://www.aqr.org.uk/glossary/?term=focusgroup Bachen, C. M., Illouz, E. (1996). Imagining romance: Young peoples cultural models of romance and love. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, pp. 279-308. Dijk, T. A. (2013, November 1). What do we mean by Discourse Analysis. Retrieved April 2014, from Discourse in Society: http://www.discourses.org/journals/das/whatisdiscourseanalysis/index.html Elo, S., Kyngas, H. (2007). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advance Nursing, 107-115. Foss, S. K., Foss, K. A., Trapp, R. (2002). Contemporary: perspective on rhetoric. Waveland Press Inc. Galician, M.-L. (2009). Sex, Love and Romance in the Mass Meida: Analysis and Criticism of Unrealistic Portrayals and Their influence. New York: Routledge. Galloway, L. F. (2011, August). Does Movie Viewing Cultivate Unrealistic Expectation About Love and Marriage. Nevada, U.S.A. Green, C. (2013). The Effects of Romantic Comedies on Women and Female Adolescents. The National Conference On Undergraduate Research (pp. 400-403). Georgetown: Georgetown College. Kircher, J. K. (2011, April 12). Does Media Distort Love. Retrieved April 2014, from Relevant: http://www.relevantmagazine.com/life/relationship/features/25275-distorting-love SS. (2009, June 24). David Beckham: Hairstyles of a Celebrity Trendsetter. Retrieved April 2014, from Thehairstyler.com: http://www.thehairstyler.com/features/articles/celebrity/david-beckham-celebrity-trendsetters USBLS. (2013, January 1). Motion Picture Industry Statistics. Retrieved April 2014, from Statistic Brain: http://www.statisticbrain.com/motion-picture-industry-statistics/

Sidetracked Movies :: essays research papers fc

Movies have been around for as long as I can remember. They may come in many forms or video types, such as film on a reel, beta, VHS, DVDs and many more. Every successful movie tells a certain story, whether it be original, based on a true story, or based on a book. Whatever the case, the scripts are usually original and closely follow the plot they are based on, if there is one. More recently, unfortunately, movies based on novels are being made closer to the ideas of the screenwriter instead of those of the novel. It is in my opinion that these types of movies should reflect the original works of the authors more closely. One of my personal favourite pieces of literature is the Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling. Naturally, when I heard about the movies being made I was just as excited as any other fan, and I was at the cinema on opening night. I believe Chris Columbus did an awesome job with the movie, keeping the plot moving, introducing the characters, and still including a large majority of the plot in only three hours. The second movie, I thought was even better because everyone knew all the characters already so he could just jump right in with the plot. However, this past couple of years the cast worked with a new director, Alfonso Cuarà ³n, who took the film in a new and possibly worse direction. Not only did Cuarà ³n change the plot around, for example Harry receiving the Firebolt after his encounter with Sirius Black though in the book he received it long before this encounter, but he changed many other things as well. Some of these other changes include the setting, the uniforms , and the characters from J.K. Rowling’s original novels, and from Chris Columbus’ works. Some of the main examples from the third Harry Potter movie include Professor Flitwick, who is described in the book as having â€Å"greying hair.† This is portrayed in the first two movies, however in the third movie Professor Flitwick is portrayed as a small man with a black mushroom cut and a black handlebar moustache. Another point about the third movie that I am very eager to uncover is the origin of the â€Å"maggot heads.† The heads were never mentioned in the third book or any other book for that matter; and were completely made up by the director or screenwriter, possibly to add comedy.

Jem as A Young Moral Man in To Kill A Mockingbird Essay -- To Kill a Mo

A young boy growing up during the great depressions and racial discreteness’ between a persons race, will be affected dramatically especially in the situation of having a moral father stand against what is wrong. Harper Lee in To Kill a Mockingbird helps mould the young childish Jeremy Finch into a young mature man. In the trial of Tom Robinson, Jem undergoes a change in the way he envisions Maycomb county’s people, as well as his own personal beliefs. Jem also learns a valuable lesson with his relationship and time spent with Mrs. Dubose during a one month period in her bedroom. The writer uses particular moments to show an alteration of Jem’s close interaction with Atticus. Harper Lee has definitely displayed the obvious changes and effects on Jem in particular moments in his life that have shaped him in to the person he becomes at the end of the novel. Jem demonstrates a drastic transformation from the exposition to the denouement. At the commencement of the novel, he engages in childish games involving Dill and Scout. However, as the story progresses, Harper develops Jem’s character and Jem begins to ignore and avoid Scout’s immaturity. He comes to realize that Maycomb County has a negative outlook on a person’s skin colour. Jem can be considered a young man by the end of chapter thirty-one because he experiences the truth of what was hidden from him as a child, Racism, intolerance and dishonesty. â€Å"It was Jem’s turn to cry. His face was streaked with angry tears†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœIt ain’t right, he muttered†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (212). Jem went through a change in, a short period of time that several boys his age do not encounter in a similar way. Although, it is very normal for boys Jem’s age to be somewhat affected by events and people in their life. ... ...s. ‘â€Å"But to do something like this to a sick old lady is inexcusable.’ ‘I strongly advise you to go down and have a talk to Mrs. Dubose,’ (104). Atticus exhibits his willingness to teach Jem to never run away from his problems. It is Atticus who symbolizes a strong figure in Jem’s maturity, growth and change in the novel. During the course of the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Jem experiences an obvious transformation, through particular moments that have effect on the young man he is shaped into. Jem’s growth in the novel is apparent in his interactions with Mrs. Dubose and the Tom Robinson trial. He has distinct moments with Atticus that formulates his authentic personality. As a boy he does not yet understand the truth that little Maycomb County holds. It is through his change in age that he formulates vital morals that break the wall that hides the real world.

Obsession and the consequence Essay

   Agrippa’s work inspired Frankenstein and he describes the effect of it, as â€Å"a new light seemed to dawn upon my mind†. This is the birth of his obsession As Frankenstein grows older his craving for knowledge dwells and if anything becomes more potent as his obsession grows. One could think that Frankenstein’s thirst for knowledge is partly driven by his fathers comments such as calling the work of Agrippa and such scientists â€Å"trash†, Frankenstein later explains that if instead of such remarks his father had taken time to explain that Agrippa’s principles had all become highly disreputable he would have â€Å"thrown Agrippa aside†. Instead he was left to read the book and decide for himself if it was â€Å"trash† or the highest level of intelligence. During the novel Frankenstein even names his father as the sole contributor to his obsession with science â€Å"if instead of his remarks my father had taken the pains to explain that the principles of Agrippa had been entirely exploded†¦ I should certainly have thrown Agrippa aside†. Frankenstein’s obsession for knowledge is constantly growing especially during his days at Ingolstadt but is accelerated when M Waldman starts to teach him. Frankenstein immediately gains a good understanding and high mutual level of respect for each other â€Å"an aspect expressive of the greatest benevolence†. Waldman later explains that â€Å"miracles† can happen, this gives wind to Frankenstein’s imagination and after Waldman’s Death ultimately leads him to fulfill his wildest dreams to be respected, obtain more knowledge and most importantly â€Å"play God†. Frankenstein’s obsession is at its strongest during the creation of the monster. By this point the thirst for knowledge has even started to take over his inner thoughts â€Å"Cornelius Agrippa, Albertus Magnus and Paracelsus the lords of my imagination†. This shows that due to Frankenstein’s self isolation, working through both day and night â€Å"darkness has no effect upon my mind† he has lost all touch with the borders of society and even reality, furthermore the use of the word Lord implies that Frankenstein looks up to Agrippa etc as if they were Godly figures. One very powerful point that Shelley puts across during the novel is that with desire and obsession come consequences; the most potent example of this comes with the consequences that come with Frankenstein’s ambition that leads to the creation of the monster. After the monster’s creation Frankenstein quickly comes to his senses and sees the now dubbed â€Å"monster† for the monstrosity it is and rejects it â€Å"how can I describe my emotions at this catastrophe†. Now rejected the monster soon learns that rejection and hatred are the only affection he will receive from man, although he does find friendship with an old blind man for a while but he is soon discovered by the man’s family, beaten and driven away. This shows that although he meant well only hatred and loneliness came as a consequence of Frankenstein’s selfishness. Now realizing he must live in solitude the monster goes back to Frankenstein to ask him to create a companion for him, â€Å"you must create a female for me with whom I can live in the interchange of those sympathies necessary for my being†¦ I demand it of you as a right that you must not refuse to concede†. This statement shows that there is a degree of control about the monster’s persona with regards to Frankenstein; furthermore the word demand implies that instead of asking Frankenstein to do this he is now ordering him as if he were a superior power and intellect, this is another consequence. Frankenstein is reluctant to fulfill the monsters request as he knows it will more than likely double the problem, Frankenstein explains his reasons for this to the monster, the monster brushes these aside and blames Frankenstein solely for any misfortunes he has endured and uses persuasive and empathetic language in order to change Frankenstein’s mind, â€Å"have I not suffered enough that you seek to increase my misery† this language Shelley uses makes the reader start to sympathise for the monster. In addition to this the monster threatens not just Frankenstein but his loved ones also, â€Å"if I cannot inspire love I will cause fear† this is a threat aimed at Frankenstein’s one real weak point his family. Frankenstein eventually agrees to make his companion and is told â€Å"I shall watch the progress with unutterable anxiety†¦ when you are ready I shall appear†, this implies that now that Frankenstein has agreed to take the task he cannot escape it unscathed. When Frankenstein eventually decides not to complete his â€Å"most abhorred task† the monster is enraged and holds to his threat â€Å"if I can not inspire love I will cause fear†. Because of Frankenstein’s refusal to make the monster a companion the monster starts to kill his family, starting with his younger brother Will, he later kills his wife Elizabeth on their wedding night and then his father dies, this is but another consequence of his obessesion. The death that seems to effect Frankenstein most is that of Elizabeth, he describes the effect as â€Å"why am I here to retale the destruction of the best hope an purest creature of Earth†, this means that he has played a major part in the destruction of not only his wife but the â€Å"purest being on Earth†. Frankenstein eventually pays the ultimate consequence for his creation of the monster with his life. After all the death of his loved ones that he has had to endure Frankenstein finally decides he has nothing more to loose and decides he will find and confront the monster but because of exhaustion he cannot go on, there is a strong sense of irony about the deaths of Frankenstein and his loved ones as they all came as a consequence of Frankenstein wanting to create life. Frankenstein is a well-known classic about on man’s ambition to create life, but ironically as a result of its creation; ultimately life is destroyed. 1 Jack Sponder Explore Discuss and Consider the ways in which Shelley Presents the Discovery Scientific Possibilities, Obsession and Consequences of desire In Frankenstein Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Ethics of end of life care Essay

Ethics often shape a big role in force out of vivification care in terminally ill people, such as the case of Hassan Rasouli, a hu creation beings who was leftfield with brain damage following surgery. Doctors placed that the man had no quality of feel and that they had intended to remove him from life hold back measures that were necessary to keep him alive. His family quickly objected stating that they cherished him to remain on life swan as in there Moslem religion it was imperative to preserve life.Doctors insisted that he should be removed, as there were no signs of life without artificial means, that the facial movements his family panorama to be Mr. Rasouli smiling at them were equitable involuntary movements. The doctors feel that keeping the man on life support is inhumane verses letting him pass peacefully. The doctors hit interpreted the case to the courts. This is an issues that is very common in todays times, with multiple factors playing a purpose from ol d age to terminal diseases, galore(postnominal) people enact advance directives requarding their end of life care removing the debate of what their wishes were.The courts sided with the family and allowed the man to remain on artificial life support. An evaluation by a brain doctor with the University of Western Ontarios Brain and heading Institute, found that Mr. Rasouli did in fact have some neurological function and therefor he was declared minimally aware and not in a persistive vegetational state, however there is not a large difference in the two.

Platypuses

Platypuses Phylum Chordata classifies some of the roughly unique animals of our time. These animals tout ensemble argon car park in a certain way. exclusively chordates give way vertebrae, a notochord that runs beneath the abaxial nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits or openings in the throat. Additionally, all chordates arrive at a post-anal shadow that is almost always lost, a unappealing circulatory system and lastly, a whacking heart. These derived features indi goosee their special K ancestry.Although this phylum contains animals with many morphologic similarities, evolution and adaptations to selected environments forced animals to change to be commensurate to survive and reproduce. A genus Phallus of Phylum Chordata, the duckbilled platypus is just sensation of these thousands of animals that have to compete to make a relieve singleself for itself in its environment. Its amazing how these chordates evolved from unprejudiced little organisms manage tunicates to complex worldwide amniotes like mammalians. The platypus or genus Ornithorhynchus anatinus is an animal of Phylum Chordata.This bizarre animal is slightly the surface of a house cat and is covered by thick raincoat hair. Platypuses have a beak like a duck, vanebed forearms swimming, clawed posteriorer(prenominal) feet for aid in burrowing, and a broad, compressed beaver tail. Also, platypuses have a common opening for the reproductive, excretory, and digestive systems. Male platypuses have sharp venomous stingers on the heels of their hind feet to intoxicate any foe that threatens it. Males be also larger than females in sizing be 20 inches long and females save organism about(predicate) 17 inches.Their mediocre weight is roughly common chord to phoebe bird pounds. Platypuses jaws ar built differently than early(a) mammals. They have extra bones in their jaw and different muscles. It is a really unique animal and was hard to split up by scientists because it is a m onotreme. Being a monotreme, platypuses are one of a few species of mammals that smoke disgrace eggs. Also, monotremes are know to have a sese of electroreception. This means that they merchantman locate their target by observe electric fields formed by muscle contractions. This ties in with the platypus supply modes.It feeds by neither sight nor smell, closure its eyes, ears, and nose apiece time it dives. Rather, when it tablet in the bottom of streams with its bill, its electroreceptors detect critical electrical currents generated by muscular contractions of its prey, modify it to distinguish between animate and pulseless objects, which continuously stimulate its mechanoreceptors. They scoop up insects and larvae, shellfish, and worms in their bill along with bits of chafe and mud from the bottom. All this material is stored in cheek pouches and, at the surface, mashed for consumption.Platypuses do not have teeth, so the bits of gravel economic aid them to chew the ir meal. The platypus has an advantage cosmos semi-aquatic. They inhabit humbled streams and rivers around wintry highlands of Tasmania and the Australian Alps to tropical rainforests of Queensland. In these places, the population of platypuses is plentiful but not really anywhere else on the public it seems. Also, platypuses can survive living in burrows as well. Theyre generally regarded as nocturnal and crepuscular. This means that they are to begin with active during the twilight more than during the daytime.Platypuses are known to be capable of making noises, but these have rarely been heard. Their cover is a throaty, clucking sound, and they can also march on by growling at each other. It is used when they are in danger. early(a) times it is used a behavioural method to attract mates to produce healthy and strong offspring. Platypuses like to extend alone, but they can sometimes share small areas of water together. As you can see, platypuses have strange habitats and communication methods for a mammal.Platypuses are one of few mammals that lay eggs instead of giving nascence to live young. The females seal themselves inside one of the burrows chambers to lay their eggs from pass to spring. A mother typically produces one or two eggs and keeps them impassioned by holding them between her be and her tail. The eggs hatch in about ten days, and after, the tiny babies (called puggles) drinks their mothers milk, which comes from tiny openings in the mothers belly. The puggles are completely helpless when they are born and are about the size of lima beans.Females nurse their young for three to four months until the babies can swim on their own. Duck-billed Platypuses have a life span of 10 12 years. The platypus is unknown to its contribution to its environment. In the past, the digit of platypuses decreased due to pollution effects, being hunted for its thick fur as well as being the prey of foxes, snakes, and eels. These days, the platypus po pulation increased because of being put in captivity by the Australian government. They play a significant role in the food web of streams by foraging on small aquatic invertebrates.Now, they are not chthonic any immediate threats in their environments. In conclusion, animals are living organism that feeds on organic matter, typically having specialized maven organs and nervous system and able to respond rapidly to stimuli. The platypus possesses all these qualities being a sustainable chordate that plays a part in an environment. Its uniqueness of being a hodgepodge of miscellaneous different animals interested my mind in finding information about its behaviors. The platypus is a one-of-a-kind animalchordate mammalmonotremething

The People

Angela Franklin Professor Ginfrida ENC1101 22 April 2013 Neat Vs. Sloppy In Suzanne Britts â€Å"Neat People Vs. Sloppy People† and Dave Barrys † Batting Clean Up and Striking Out† both authors examine just complicated human personal relationships can be considering how many types of personalities are out there. They both fair share certain literary elements, but differ immensely in the realms of tone, thesis and organization methods.Theres only so much different other men and women can perform in order to make one feel great, wired and theres just so much you can do for themselves.They both use these literary elements to create humor in their essays. Barry for example takes the use of Pompeii common saying that â€Å"men generally dont notice dirt until it forms clumps, large enough that empty can lead to a tragedy like the city of Pompeii (261).Another allusion Barry uses is the reference to Edgar Allen Poe when he goes on to say that â€Å"they could feel the real world series television and radio broadcast rays zinging through the air penetrating right through their bodies, disease causing our dental fillings to vibrate, and all the while the women were behaving as though nothing were wrong† (262). how This enhances his story with suspense.Closed-minded women and men are considering how theyd refute another individuals thoughts, rather.

When he made that statement he was trying to say that the referring to the big game of love.In the same manner Britt went on to say that â€Å"sloppy people live in what some may call â€Å"Never Never Land† (255). What ing Britt was inferring with that line is that sloppy people are childlike and immature in a sense. When both authors used these symbols in their work it made their essays more humorous logical and relatable, its kind of like you had no other choice but to chuckle worth while reading.Have the person that youre training repeat back what youve clarified.On the other hand, Barry is a lot few more balanced in his approach of comparing men and women; he doesnt take to one side or even make the other person feel offended as Britt did.He just states the different different priorities of men and women, Barry went on to say that â€Å"the opposite side of the dirt coin, of course is sports† (262). Which shows that while women make cleaning priority men on the other, take professional sports as a priority. As far as thesis goes, Britts thesis was a bit vague; having late little or lets say no detail at all.We The People Hemp is simple to purchase.

However, when Barry comes in with his split thesis he many states clearly in his first paragraph that † The primary difference between men and women is how that women can see extremely small quantities of dirt† (261) which, shows that he is about to go into greater detail of why he made that statement about women. Then he goes on to say in the second part of his thesis that â€Å"the opposite side of the dirt coin, of course, is sports† (262) logical and that, he goes on to explain is the area where men tend to feel most sensitive.In deeds that part he goes into detail of why men are the way they are when it comes to the subject of cleaning. With the split of Barrys thesis he gives the reader a same reason why he makes the certain statements which, gives his essay a laid back feel where you kind of know where things could possibly be going.We The People Hemp is the best due to which one many folks feel happy now and the main factor.Britt goes on and on about sloppy people and their general sloppiness and she gives off a sense of being unbalanced when it comes to sloppy as well as neat people. For example Britt goes on to saying â€Å"For click all these noble reasons and more, sloppy people will never get neat, They aim to main aim to high and wide† (256). Leaving it at that only to go into more male bashing of sloppy people. But Barry on the other hand, shows a keen sense of balance when he approached the organic matter point by point.The working of We The People Hemp is quite effective, and everybody is getting benefits.

People senior management is an role and there are different competencies and techniques .There are an assortment of hot food items you can buy.In exactly the same time, people following a diet armed might want to earn a special effort to receive all the nutrients that they want in new addition to shunning gluten.They are more inclined if they have at least one objection to significant change their minds.

Defence mechanisms will be subsequently utilized by the brain .Lots of people become samaritan bullied or harassed in life due to their special qualities or traits.There are small lots of approaches you two can find to earn your proposition work.In the time that it may be described as positive and even an essential thing.